Comparison Matrix - 1543 Words

Running Head: Comparison Matrix Paper Comparison Matrix Paper Comparison Matrix Introduction Comparison shows the characteristic of three studies conducted by different researchers. In the public sector, transformational leadership is the first study. This type of leadership has no effect on the conduct of managers. Transformational leadership is to stimulate the needs of the subordinates in harmony with the goals of the leader. Morale, motivation, and performance of the individuals within the group are increased by this style of leadership Based on the study, employees of banking and food organizations who receive praise and recognition for their hard work tend to be loyal to the company. The data reveal that job†¦show more content†¦Previous technology integration failed due to lack of curriculum integration strategies. The works of Reigeluth and Joseph were recognized. Reference was made to studies done by researchers like Ertmer, Johnson and Gardner. Sample Population A sample population of bank branch and food chain managers were used. The survey for technology integration conducted by Quality Education Data Inc. (QUED) showed that 10 teachers out of 100 had access to computers did not use them to motivate student learning. Results of the Studies One of the limitations of the study done on transformational leadership was that the average age of the respondent was 50 years. The study of local government concluded that public organizations are not always highly bureaucratic. Their findings were not consistent with the relationship between organizational characteristics and transformational leadership. Hypothesis 1 determined that customer contact personnel managed by transformational leadership style will be more committed than someone managed by transactional style. The same employees in hypothesis 2 will have a higher level of job satisfaction. Results/Conclusions The study revealed that some findings were not consistent and some personalities reduce the practice of transformational leadership behaviors. It was discovered that transformational leadership supports the need for flexibility. Previous studies have found that other types of publicShow MoreRelated A Comparison of The Matrix and Platos The Allegory of the Cave1838 Words   |  8 PagesA Comparison of The Matrix and Platos The Allegory of the Cave In the movie The Matrix we find a character by the name of Neo and his struggle adapting to the truth...to reality. This story is closely similar to an ancient Greek text written by Plato called The Allegory of the Cave. Now both stories are different but the ideas are basically the same. Both Stories have key points that can be analyzed and related to one another almost exactly. There is no doubt that The Matrix was based offRead MoreA Comparison of the Representation of the Future of The Matrix and Planet of the Apes3441 Words   |  14 PagesA Comparison of the Representation of the Future of The Matrix and Planet of the Apes Sci-fi films were born in the aftermath of the industrial and scientific revolutions of the 19th century. The first motion picture from this genre was ‘Le Voyage Dans La Lune’, a Georges Meties production from 1902. This is regarded as the firstRead MoreComparison of the Matrix and the Allegory of the Cave Essay1240 Words   |  5 PagesComposition I 3 October 2012 The Matrix and the Allegory of the Cave What if one were living through life completely bound and facing a reality that doesnt even exist? The prisoners in Platos Allegory of the Cave are blind from true reality as well as the people in the movie The Matrix. They are given false images and they accept what their senses are telling them. They believe what they are experiencing is not all that really exists. Plato, the ancient Greek philosopher wrote The AllegoryRead More Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451 Comparison to the Matrix Essay1111 Words   |  5 PagesBradburys novel Fahrenheit 451 speculates on a future society in which there is no real knowledge, just a faà §ade of lies because there are no testaments of truth, books. This book shares a plot much like that of the Warner Brothers blockbuster, Matrix, in which the human race is kept in the shadow of the truth by being put into a virtual reality. In both stories a destroyed civilization is being suppressed by an evil leader. Also, in both of these works have an average man rise from the ashes ofRead MoreEssay about The Matrix and Fahrenheit 451 Comparison632 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿1. The characters of Neo and Montag break away from the common society, come to terms with themselves, and strive to create an ideal world. 2. Breaking from normal society through one’s own will a. Neo is rescued from the Matrix by Morpheus i. It was Neo’s own decision to take the red pill. ii. Demonstrates desire to know the truth about world. b. Montag admits he is unhappy in life and turns to books for knowledge. i. It was Montag’s own curiosity and internal dissatisfaction with his currentRead More Comparison of The Matrix and Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?1959 Words   |  8 PagesComparison of The Matrix and Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? Andy and Larry Wachowskis movie, The Matrix parallels many of the characters and themes that are explored in Philip K. Dicks novel, Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?. There are five main characters or groups of people that are explored in Dicks novel. First, Morpheus, the leader of the unplugged individuals, emulates the role that the Rosen Association plays. Next, Cypher, an underhanded man, who is comparable to RachelRead MoreComparison Matrix996 Words   |  4 PagesComparison Matrix Paper Comparison Matrix Paper Tia Robinson Grand Canyon University RES 811 April 25, 2012 Comparison Matrix Paper In the comparison matrix chart three different empirical research articles were used and compared. The first article, by Wright and Pandey. Transformational Leadership in the Public Sector: Does Structure Matter?, Emery and Barker, The Effect of Transactional and Transformational Leadership Styles on Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction of CustomerRead MoreComparison Matrix Paper 1010 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Comparison Matrix Paper Nadia Bhatti Grand Canyon University PSY 801 Dr. Nelson September 17, 2014 Comparison Matrix Paper Introduction This paper compares three studies on workplace bullying. The studies were conducted because workplace bullying is an epidemic that needs to be addressed and it needs to be understood to help future organizations prevent workplace bullying.   Article one† Individual and situational predictors of the workplace bullying: why do perpetrators engageRead MoreComparison Matrix Essay1332 Words   |  6 PagesModule # 4: Comparison Matrix Equetta Jones Grand Canyon University: RES-811 June 12, 2013 Module # 4: Comparison Matrix Within the comparison matrix, the author will provide information from three empirical articles. The articles were titled, Transformational Leadership in the Public Sector: Does Structure Matter? (Pandey and Wright, 2009), The Effect of Transactional and Transformational Leadership Styles on the Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction of Customer Contact PersonnelRead MoreUnix Comparison Matrix830 Words   |  4 PagesComponents BSD System V GNU Role of shell Main access to the UNIX operating system and as such any improvement to it can result in considerably more effective use of the system, increased speed, efficiency and file properties. â€Å"C† Shell This shell is good for interactive work and also added some features from other Operating shells. The Korn shell became part of System V but had one major problem; unlike the rest of the UNIX shells it wasnt free, you had to pay ATT for it. Bourne Shell

Capital Structure Decisions - 19256 Words

Capital Structure Decisions: Which Factors are Reliably Important? Murray Z. Frank1 and Vidhan K. Goyal2 First draft: March 14, 2003. Current draft: December 20, 2003. ABSTRACT This paper examines the relative importance of 38 factors in the leverage decisions of publicly traded U.S. ï ¬ rms from 1950 to 2000. The most reliable factors are median industry leverage (+ effect on leverage), market-to-book ratio (-), collateral (+), bankruptcy risk as measured by Altman’s Z-Score (-), dividend-paying (-), log of sales (+), and expected inï ¬â€šation (+). These seven factors all have the sign predicted by the trade-off theory. The pecking order and market timing theories are not as helpful in predicting the importance and the signs of the reliable†¦show more content†¦To address this serious concern the effect of conditioning on ï ¬ rm circumstances is studied. We do ï ¬ nd reliable empirical patterns.3 From a set of 38 factors that have been used in the literature, seven have reliable relationships to corporate leverage. Firms that compete in industries in which the median ï ¬ rm has high leverage tend also to have high leverag e. Firms that have high levels of sales tend to have high leverage. Firms that have more collateral tend to have more leverage. When inï ¬â€šation is expected to be high ï ¬ rms tend to have high leverage. Firms that have a high risk of bankruptcy, as measured by Altman’s Z-score, have low leverage. Firms that pay dividends tend to have lower leverage than do ï ¬ rms that do not pay dividends. Finally ï ¬ rms that have a high market-to-book ratio tend to have low levels of leverage. These seven factors account for more than 30% of the variation in leverage, while then remaining 31 factors only add a further 6%. These seven factors have very consistent sign and statistical signiï ¬ cance across many alternative treatments of the data. The remaining factors are not nearly as consistent. All seven of the reliable factors have signs that are predicted by the trade-off theory of leverage. Market timing theory makes correct predictions for the market-to-book and inï ¬â€ša tion variables. However it does not make any predictions for theShow MoreRelatedFactors That Influence the Capital Structure Decision of the Firm9372 Words   |  38 PagesABSTRACT The capital structure decisions are influenced by various factors. Different researchers obtained different conclusions on what the important determinants of capital structure are. The main objective of this study is to ascertain the factors that significantly influence capital structure decisions. The factors tested are: The firm’s age, size, growth, tangibility, profitability, business risk and non-debt tax shield. From my analysis all these factors were found to be significant but atRead MoreMaking Capital Budgeting and Capital Structure Decisions9919 Words   |  40 PagesPrepared for The Journal of Applied Corporate Finance Vol. 15, No. 1, 2002 How do CFOs make capital budgeting and capital structure decisions?1 John R. Graham Associate Professor of Finance, Fuqua School of Business, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA Campbell R. Harvey Professor of Finance, Fuqua School of Business, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA 02912 USA March 8, 2002 1A longer and more detailed version of this paper is publishedRead MoreThe Capital Structure Decision Of Firms With Powerful Ceos801 Words   |  4 PagesMethodology This study looks for evidence that the capital structure decision of firms with powerful CEOs has a negative effect of corporate performance. Ho: CEO power and Leverage have no effect on performance. Ha: CEO power and Leverage have an effect on performance. In order to test this hypothesis, an OLS regression model is used, where the dependent variable is performance and the independent variables include: (1) the existence of powerful CEOs, (2) leverage, (3) the relationship between theseRead MoreDifferent Variables and Situations That Influence Capital Financing Structure Decisions726 Words   |  3 Pagesthe corporation prefers to use debt and in which cases they prefer to use all equity in financial leverage and capital structure? What is better for the corporation Should they use all equity with zero debt? Or all debt? Or both? Which is better for investors to maximize their wealth? The number of different variables and situations that influence capital financing structure decisions are far too numerous and complex to list here, but essentially a company should continually assess the cost of debtRead MoreCapital Structure Of A Firm1670 Words   |  7 PagesThe capital structure of a firm describes the way in which a firm raised capital needed to establish and expand its business activities. It is a mixture of various types of equity and debt capital a firm maintained resulting from the firms financing decisions. In one way or another, business activity must be financed. Without finance to support their fixed assets and working capital requirements, business could not exist. In all aspects of capital investment decision, the capital structure decisionRead MoreOptimal Capital Structure1485 Words   |  6 PagesOPTIMAL CAPITAL STRUCTURE INTRODUCTION This report tries to visualize â€Å"OPTIMAL CAPITAL STRUCTURE† and represent the facts that include features of capital structure, determinants of capital structure, and patterns of capital structure, types and theories of capital structure, theory of optimal capital structure, risk associated with capital structure, external assessment of capital structure and some assumption related to capital structure. BROAD OBJECTIVE †¢ To determine features of capital structureRead MoreCalifornia Pizza Kitchen Case Study Study Analysis1573 Words   |  7 Pagesmanifesting positive growth. (Shumadine 2008) Summarize the Modigliani-Miller (1958) capital structure irrelevance propositions and the concept of debt tax shields. â€Å"Capital structure of a company is the way a company finances its assets.† (E Finance Management 2015) â€Å"The Modigliani-Miller theory states value of the firm is not dependent on the choice of capital structure or financing decision of the firm. If a company has high growth prospect, its market value is higher and hence its stockRead MoreThe Cost of Capital and Vlauation of a Two County Firm by Michael Adler868 Words   |  3 PagesThe Cost of Capital and Valuation of a Two-County Firm by Michael Adler†, attempts to extend the theory of valuation and the cost of capital when operating in a multinational corporation. In finance, financing decisions have a great importance due to the optimal capital structure, which can be created through the proper mix of finance. Adler attempts to address the issues for which multinational corporation can plan for optimal control with the restrictions of international capital movements. TheRead MoreWhy Do Firms Choose Their C apital Structure?1623 Words   |  7 Pagesfinance those investments: with equity, debt or a combination of both (Myers, 2001). The study of capital structure tries to clarify this variety of securities and financing opportunities. In accounting terms, this decision is situated on the right-hand side of the balance sheet (Myers, 2001). In his Capital Structure Puzzle article, Myers (1984) poses the question â€Å"How do firms choose their capital structure?†. But even today, there is no right solution to this question. In the literature, there are

Operation Management of Companies Efficient Operations of Businesses

Question: Discuss about the Operation Management of Companies for Efficient Operations of Businesses. Answer: Introduction The efficient operations of businesses and organisations partly depend on their sense of orientation to both long term and short term goals. Plans, inputs, activities and regulations must always build on the corporate goals. In essence, the principle and practices of organisations have a deterministic role in the achievement of its objectives. In most cases, scheduled evaluations are used to assess whether organisational operations comply with the goals or not (Santos Barros, 2011) This essay explores the ideas of operational systems affecting company's growth and hindering the company from making more profits. The research is also not limited to addressing the issues that may be affecting the business clients. This research is further based on bringing unto company owners knowledge of the company status, its historical development, operational imperatives and academic research underpinning its use. Alternatively, before coming up with all these aspects, there is a need to address the roots cause of the underlying operational issues affecting the company without forgetting to focus on the medium and day to day effects. Operational aspects affecting Hawkesbury cabinet Hawkesbury Company as a manufacturer is facing some operational management issues which are centred on; executive decision making this include; medium term decision and day to day decision. Medium term decisions Medium terms decision making is reliant on the short terms goals which affect operations management in an organisation. Hawkesbury company short-term operational challenges are reliant on three areas. First short term problem evolves from the technology use where all products are processed at the same time and pass through same craftsmen. Despite some products handling well, there may be reduced quality as not all the goods will be purchased. This is evident when customers prefer one product over the other (Lee Yoon, 2011). Second short term goal challenge is in product manufacturing and space. Since the company main sold product is the custom kitchen, the company problem lies on standards cabinets being left behind sitting around the plants in various completion stages. This means rejected project has to be delayed in the company as either dominant or dead stock. These products have an effect on the company space as the company is forced to rent a room to continue workloads and satisfy their customer demands. The renting of a smaller working space is short lived as customers demand surpasses that of available supplier productions. Another medium term decision challenge faced by the organisation is on the delayed delivery time of the products. The company is confronted with a problem of longer promised delivery time (Berkel, Ferguson, Groenewegen, 2016). Delayed services to customers is a severe market problem as it throws customers into the hand of competitors while organisation role should be focused on building win tips to win market competition Day to day decisions These are Operational decisions affecting the company functioning on a day to day basis. Some of the challenges the organisation is facing is that of cabinets competition where both custom competing cabinet are competing from processing time on the same equipment. This could lead to the production of low-quality products. It's necessary for the organisation to have different qualified craftsmen dealing with their skilled area rather than generalising their skills and treating the skills homogeneously. Technical analysis of Hawkesbury Company Functional analyses in most cases are always short term. They are based on the assumptions that price, volume and market data can predict future company performance accurately. The technical analysis fails to look into considerations security value of the market (Arnold Shockley, 2010). For instance; Fang and Mei switching of role identity informally due to client growth and them are developing an interest to serve their customers more. However short, the decision made leads to further growth of the company to an extent they have to switch to another process of renting a room to continue effectively with their business. The assumption, in this case, is based that; due to the high registered volume of products sell the small room will be enough to accommodate all client needs (Do, Brooks, Treepongkaruna Wu, 2014) Another technical analysis is based on Mei Chen review on the company progress basing her judgment on the large volume of profits the company has made and increased amounts of products demand. She, however, has failed to look at the effect the increase in volume has on the company and how it may affect the future company progress. From these analyses it can be said that the production process used by the company is a short lived method that may adversely affect the company I n future if not appropriately addressed. Problem definition in Hawkesbury Company The main problem the company is facing is reliant on the new builders kitchen. The builder kitchen has the following effects on the company. First, there is an increased register sale of kitchen builders leading to low or no sales of the cabinet standards. This means that the company is suffering two problems with the norm cabinets. One is that of financial losses as they are no longer being sold. The other problem relies on space as the standard cabinet occupies working space yet they are not being used. There are rising costs associated with standard builders. This is inclusive of the increasing cost of builder material leading to high costs of raw material production as they are expensive and require the company to invest in high capital. The is also an effect in increased workload as lots of works is still in process, not forgetting the vast finished work which is know congesting the company forcing the company to rent the nearby warehouse so as to reduce congestion. Work fragmentation also makes it hard for managers to observe company progress effectively (Merz, Bhm, Burgert, n.d.) Standard orders cost seems to have risen thus leading to delayed delivery or longer times before deliveries are made. This has an effect on ruining company trust reputation to clients. Finally, there is also a significant challenge in operations pushing the limit to capacity for manufacturing to an extent that there is no space left for company expansion Broader organisational issues caused by operational problems. The move of new builders kitchen may have the following effects on the company finances; foremost is that delayed delivery can cause client loss of reliability to the company thus pushing consumers to look for a quicker option. Clients shift will mean that a lot of kitchen builders will be manufactured yet there will be fewer customers to purchase them. The company will, therefore, be either forced to sell the kitchen builders at a lower price than expected to clear space on the firm on run bankrupt or even sell or close down the company. The increased cost of capital on the raw material will mean increased market price (Arabzadeh, 2012).Some customers, in this case, may opt to like for another cheaper solution. The company may also decide to maintain the same prices as before the Capitals increased but will, however, be faced with the challenge of fewer profit earnings thus managers may find it difficult to meet some of the financial company demands such as paying workers or investing in another income-earning project due to the limitation of funds. Financial limitations will also mean that the company may lose some of their skilled employees to other competitive companies forcing the company to start investing a fresh in new hires who can cooperate with the peanut pay (Mengel Wouters, 2015). Such shifts affect financial status of the company more as the new employees may take a lot of time before adopting to work as per the enterprise standards The company may also experience financial strains as standard cabinets that had been that had already been manufactured are currently not being sold. This means that the firm has a higher possibility of going bankrupt or closing down if an immediate action is not taken to solve the underlying problems. Conclusion A company management structure is wholly reliant on the way in which the company is being managed. Employers should always result to investing on skills training and capacity building of employee to enhance quality delivery of services to clients. Solving all the problem definitions in a company requires that the company owners invest on frequent monitoring and evaluation and auditing so that a third party can help the company owners in dealing with some of the prevailing issues of the company. Hawkesbury Company can grow into a globally competitive company if only the company owners apply the relevant business management skills in operating their firm. References Arabzadeh, M. (2012). A study on effects of cost-of-equity models on the cost-of-capital and capital structure. Management Science Letters, 2(6), 1855-1864. https://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.msl.2012.06.038 Arnold, T. Shockley, R. (2010). Real Options Analysis and the Assumptions of Corporate Finance: A Non-Technical Review. Multinational Finance Journal, 14(1/2), 29-71. https://dx.doi.org/10.17578/14-1/2-2 Do, H., Brooks, R., Treepongkaruna, S., Wu, E. (2014). How does trading volume affect financial return distributions?. International Review Of Financial Analysis, 35, 190-206. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2014.09.003 Do, H., Brooks, R., Treepongkaruna, S., Wu, E. (2014). How does trading volume affect financial return distributions?. International Review Of Financial Analysis, 35, 190-206. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.irfa.2014.09.003 Lee, I. Yoon, H. (2011). Effects of Culinary Staff's Technology Kitchen System upon Perceived Ease of Use, Usefulness, Attitude, and Job Performance in the Foodservice Industry. Korean Journal Of Food And Cookery Science, 27(3), 71-79. https://dx.doi.org/10.9724/kfcs.2011.27.3.071 Merz, J., Bhm, P., Burgert, D. Timing, Fragmentation of Work and Income Inequality - An Earnings Treatment Effects Approach. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1313668 Santos, J. Barros, C. (2011). What determines the financial decision-making: reason or emotion?. Review Of Business Management, 7-20. https://dx.doi.org/10.7819/rbgn.v13i38.785 Van Berkel, F., Ferguson, J., Groenewegen, P. (2016). Speedy Delivery Versus Long-term Objectives: How Time Pressure Affects Coordination Between Temporary Projects and Permanent Organizations. Long Range Planning. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2016.04.001

The Heresy Of Galileo Essays - Galileo Affair, Copernican Revolution

The Heresy Of Galileo THE HERESY OF GALILEO Galileo was condemned by the Inquisition, not for his own brilliant theories, but because he stood up for his belief in Copernicus's theory that the earth was not, as the Church insisted, the center of the universe, but that rather, the universe is heliocentric. Galileo was a man of tremendous intellect and imagination living in a era dominated by the Catholic Church, which attempted to control the people by dictating their own version of reality. Any person who publicly questioned Church doctrine ran the chance of condemnation and punishment. If man could think, man could question, and the Church could lose its authority over the masses. This could not be tolerated in the 17th century, when the Church had the power to dictate reality. Copernicus probably avoided a similar fate by confining his opinions to his students and the university milieu, and in fact his theories were not published until the time of his death. To be tried by the Inquisition was something that nobody could take lightly. Although in Galileo's time the Inquisition was becoming more and more lenient, it was known to have used torture in the past and to have sent many heretics to burn at the stake. As late as 1600, this fate had befallen the Italian thinker Giordano Bruno, a one-time Dominican friar who had adopted a pantheistic philosophy of nature. From the summer of 1605, Galileo was private tutor of mathematics to young Prince Cosimo de' Medici, son of the Grand Duke of Tuscany. Teacher and pupil became sincerely attached to each other by mutual affection and deference, and this bond lasted to the end of Galileo's life. Galileo remained a good friend of the Grand Duke as well. In the summer of 1611, the Grand Duke invited Galileo to a dinner party at his court. The Duke liked to gather great scholars around him, especially when he had illustrious guests, to hear them talk about issues of interest to the learned world. At this dinner the discussion centered on floating bodies. Galileo maintained that bodies can float only if their specific gravity is less than that of water. Among the dinner guests there were, however, some followers of Aristotle's philosophies, and they argued that bodies float if their shape is wide and smooth so they cannot cut through the resistance of the water. Floating bodies were a topic on which Galileo was especially knowledgeable, as he had been interested in the subject since, when as a student, he had read Archimedes. He was able to support his point so brilliantly that one of the guests of honor, Maffeo Cardinal Barberini, sided with him. Years later, Cardinal Barberini became Pope Urban VIII and turned against Galileo, becoming one of his bitter enemies, but at that moment he was as congenial as one could be, sincerely admiring Galileo's dialectical skill. Perhaps to please the Cardinal, the Grand Duke asked Galileo to put his argument into writing, which he did. The result was The Discourse on Floating Bodies. Galileo's sharp, almost sarcastic wit made him especially suited to arguments and debates, of which he was to have many in the following years. Some of these resulted in famous writings that added to his lasting glory; many antagonized people of his time and turned many of them into enemies. The Peripatetics at the Grand Duke's table were not very dangerous as potential enemies, but his next adversary was. Even before the Discourse on Floating Bodies was published in 1612, Galileo was engaged in a conflict with an astronomer whose name he did not know and was not to find out for over a year -- the Jesuit father Christopher Scheiner (1575-1650). In 1610, Galileo had claimed to be the first discoverer of sunspots; so had Father Scheiner, and the two had entered into a bitter dispute. Father Scheiner had communicated his opinions on his observations of sunspots in several letters to Mark Welser, a German patron of science. Perhaps to avoid direct criticism, Scheiner wrote under a pen name. Mark Welser published Scheiner's letters and sent them to Galileo for comment without revealing the name of the author. Galileo replied in three Letters on Sunspots addressed to Welser (in Italian, which Scheiner could not read and had to have translated, while Scheiner had not written in his native German, but in Latin). In his letters, Galileo severely criticized Scheiner's views. The greatest significance of these Letters on Sunspots, as